Introduction Sociolinguistics
SUMMARY
Sociolinguists is the study of the relationship between
language and society. Sociolinguistics
describes language in society, especially the differences or variations that
someone does in using language. There
are two type of Sociolinguistic:
- Sociolinguistics: It’s
main focus is “Society on Language”.that means formal language that is use
depend on place or situation such as when students and the teacher at a class,
they know to use polite language.
- Sociology of Language:
It’s main focus is “Languages effects on society”. It is the effect of society
language. Time by time language has changes style, accent and etc. Such as bahasa alay,gaul or slang)
Main Concepts in
sociolinguistics
1. Standard Language
It
refers to mode of usage of most educated speakers of a language and established
as the prestigious form of that language.
2) Non Standard Language
It
differs from Standard English at the level of grammar ( it does not follow the
grammar or pronunciation rules of standard language ).
3) Accent
It
is a pattern or manner of pronunciation. Indonesia have many variation such as
minangness, malayness, batakness, javaness. Each of them has different accent
to speak. That is importan to us to know about their language. So, there is no
compliment if happen miscommunication.
4) Dialect
Dialect
can be defined as standard language in business, education, and media.
5) Jargon
Jargon
is defined in relationship to a specific activity, profession, group, or event.
Jargon: the language used by people who work in a particular area .for
instance, the language used in a given profession (medical jargon, nautical
jargon, etc.)
6) Slang
It
refers to the use of informal words and expressions that are not considered
standard in the speakers dialect or language. such as "passed away"
for "died” .
QUESTION
1. Why
dialect and accent come in sociolinguistics?
Answer: because sociolinguistic is study
language in society. For that, we identified language that spoken by someone to
analyze. Who is she/he? Javaness or minangness, etc. And also in the other
context such as the differences between educate peole or not educate people.
So, that way dialect and accent as a main factor to sociolinguistic.
2. Example
of sociolinguistic and sociology of language?
Sociolinguistic:
A: hello mira, how are you? Do you have
finished the task from mr. Harry?
B: hello too jeny, i’m fine, and you? yes,
i have done .
Sociology of language:
A: Gerald, your shoes is KAM-SE-UPAY
B:
Iyuh, look your hair like a porcupine
From these example we assume that
sociolinguistic is a formal between people that has standart norm. And sociology
of language that refers to effect of new style in this modern era and usually
its not formal.
3. Perbedaan
accent dan dialect?
Answer:
accents associated with sound
(pronunciation, 'song', pressure, 'how to take', tempo etc.) and dialects
include accents + vocabulary + grammatical patterns.So, if between Indonesian
people speak English and English / Americans / Australians speak English
'sounds different', it is a matter of accent (same as when there is a bule
ngomong Indonesia that feels different if if people speak Indonesian).
While the following is more a matter of
dialect,
Bagaimana ini? (bahasa Indonesia standar)
Macam mana? (dialek Sumatra Utara)
Gimana, sih? (dialek Jakarta)
Gimana, to? (dialek Jawa Tengah)
