Definition of syntax
in linguistics, syntax refers
to the rules that
govern the ways in which words combine
to form phrases, clauses,
and sentences.
- Box
- That big
box
- That big
box are very heavy
(1)
is word. Then, (2) is phrase and the last, (3) is Clause
The
phrase made up of a few words and then will grow larger into a clause.
you know syntax have tree,
to make a sentence, please check this video:
1. Phrase
Phrase
is a group of two or more grammatical linked words that do not have subject and
predicate
Phrase
devided into:
A. Noun phrase
Example:
Are
you waiting someone special?
The young man threw the old dog a bone.
The young man threw the old dog a bone.
That rich man
will build his eldest daughter a fine house
B. Adjective phrase
Example:
Never
have I been angry with you. (tak pernah saya marah denganmu)
The
child, laughing happily ran out of
the house (anak-anak, tertawa bahagia berlari keluar rumah)
C. Verb phrase
Ex:
She
has been singing (dia telah sedang
menyanyi)
He
may be following us (dia boleh
mengikuti kita)
D. Adverb phrase
Example:
She
almost always arrives on time (Dia
hampir selalu tiba tepat waktu)
He
ran very quickly (dia berlari dengan
cepat)
E. Prepositional phrase
merupakan
gabungan antara preposition dengan object dan
berfungsi sebagai adverb.
Example
:
There
is distance between you and me.(Ada jarak antara kamu dan aku.)
Students
arrived at school.
Do
you know that man with the scar?
(kamu tahu pria dengan bekas luka itu)
2. Clause
When
my mother came, I was watching television with my brother and his friend
Main clause dependent clause
There
are 3 types:
Adjective clause
is a dependent clause that explain noun/pronoun
The
man which won the competition is a doctor
The
girl whom we met on holiday is coming to see us next week.
Adverbial clause:
shut the door before you go out
Put
it where we can all see it.
Noun clause: functioning
like a noun.
What
you said was not true
I know where she lives
I know where she lives
I don’t understand
how all it happened
3. Sentence
A. Simple sentence:
she is a beautiful woman
I want to eat something
He wanna be a pilot
she is a beautiful woman
I want to eat something
He wanna be a pilot
B. Compound sentence:
it is sentence at least two independent clause (gabungan) and conjuction like: and,
but, so, either,or, either, neither,nor,the, yet.
Main
clause: 1. john wants go to the beach 2. Her sister wants go to the amusment
park
So,
can be :
John wants to go to the beach, but her little sister insist to go to
amusement park
(Anne ingin pergi ke pantai, tetapi adiknya bersikeras untuk pergi ke taman huburan)
(Anne ingin pergi ke pantai, tetapi adiknya bersikeras untuk pergi ke taman huburan)
C. Complex sentence:
it is sentence with one independent clause
Independent
Clause: I like the book.
Dependent
Clause: that you bought yesterday.
Complex
Sentence: I
like the book that you
bought yesterday.
Pikiran
utama pikiran tambahan
Another
example:
She
became queen when her father died because she was the eldest child.
well guys, i have some sites for you , to enlarge our knowladge about syntax:
and this is special for you, please play the game , it is easy guy :D
Syntax/Grammar Game:
Sentence Game:
Phrase and Clause Game :
REFERENCES
An Introduction to Linguistics, Loretto Todd
