SOCIOLINGUISTICS: SOLIDARITY AND POLITENESS

Solidarity and Politeness

Since there is no precise rule for shifting from vous to tu, it is best to wait until the other person uses it to address you before you use it to address him or her. If you cannot judge who has ‘power’ or which proper conditions to use tu or vous, it is better to use politeness and wait until the other use ‘solidarity’. 

There two kinds that we need in sociolinguistics, such as:

Address Terms

Address by title alone is the least intimate form of address in that title usually designates ranks or occupations as in colonel, doctor, or waiter. Some language employ the kinship terms to use address terms. One of the other peculiarity systems of naming and addressing is giving a name to and address to the non-human like pets. Here, society in which a person’s status derives from the achievements, a few distinctions is made. 

Greeting explains that the word greeting refers to a word or phrase used to call and call the principals in a language event.The intended offender refers to the speaker, the opponent of the convent, as well as the person in question.The rules of alternation are rules related to how to greet. This rule relates to the use of a greeting form based on the factors that influence it. The factors are as follows:

a. Situations marked by status.

b. Rank.

c. Identity device.

The identity device refers to a degree in employment or an honors degree. The person who has the title can be addressed by mentioning the title only, such as doctor and pastor.

The rule of kookurensi is the rule of emergence with the form of a greeting with another form. Another form of language structure is appropriate in accordance with the word greeting used during the talks take place. For example, an employee who is talking to his superiors will use the sir form. Thus, during the course of the conversation, the employee will use a formal language.

Politeness

In using a language, we use a device that the language employ to show certain relationship to other. We must use the language properly. We can demonstrate our feelings to other and our awareness of social controls. Such awareness is also shown through a general politeness in the use of language. It does not mean that we must always be polite. Oppositely, impoliteness may happen depends on the existence of standard or norms of politeness. Some languages have a complex rules of politeness, for instance, Javanese, one of the important language in Indonesia, is a language in which it is nearly impossible to say anything without indicating the social relationship between the speaker and the listener in terms of status and familiarity.